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Nonlinear Property of (Nb 2 O 5 , Sr CO 3 , Ge, GeO 2 )‐Codoped TiO 2 ‐Based Varistor Ceramics
Author(s) -
Kang Kunyong,
Yan Jikang,
Yi Jianhong,
Li Zhidong,
Ge Qiuchen,
Yan Fangcun,
Yang Jian,
Zhao Chenxu,
Gan Guoyou
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/jace.13921
Subject(s) - sintering , materials science , doping , ceramic , analytical chemistry (journal) , varistor , mineralogy , microstructure , grain boundary , melting point , metallurgy , composite material , chemistry , electrical engineering , optoelectronics , voltage , chromatography , engineering
This study investigated the influence of codoping with Ge and GeO 2 on the nonlinear coefficient α and the breakdown voltage E B of TiO 2 –Nb 2 O 5 –SrCO 3 varistor ceramics. Ge–GeO 2 codoping notably changed the microstructure of the TiO 2 –Nb 2 O 5 –SrCO 3 ceramics, increased α, and decreased E B . When the doping contents of Nb 2 O 5 and SrCO 3 were 0.1 and 0.2 mol%, respectively, the optimum doping content of 0.25 mol% Ge and 0.75 mol% GeO 2 exhibited high α (11.6), low E B (13.8 V/mm), and high grain‐boundary barrier Φ B (0.96 eV). These results are superior to previous findings. In addition, Ge and GeO 2 , which function as sintering aids, reduced the sintering temperature caused by the low melting point. The optimal sintering temperature was 1260°C for the TiO 2 –Nb 2 O 5 –Sr CO 3 ceramics doped with Ge and GeO 2 .