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Improved Energy Storage Properties Accompanied by Enhanced Interface Polarization in Annealed Microwave‐Sintered BST
Author(s) -
Song Zhe,
Zhang Shujun,
Liu Hanxing,
Hao Hua,
Cao Minghe,
Li Qi,
Wang Qing,
Yao Zhonghua,
Wang Zhijian,
Lanagan Michael T
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/jace.13741
Subject(s) - materials science , grain boundary , annealing (glass) , sintering , dielectric spectroscopy , dielectric , ceramic , energy storage , dielectric loss , oxygen , microwave , composite material , activation energy , grain size , analytical chemistry (journal) , optoelectronics , electrode , microstructure , chemistry , thermodynamics , power (physics) , physics , quantum mechanics , organic chemistry , chromatography , electrochemistry
Microwave‐sintering (MWS) technique was employed to fabricate dense (Ba 0.4 Sr 0.6 )TiO 3 (BST) ceramics. With respect to the high dielectric loss at room temperature, induced by the formation of oxygen defects during the MWS under vacuum atmosphere (−60 kPa), the as‐sintered samples were thermally annealed in air to reduce tanδ and recover the insulating performance. Accompanied by the decreased tanδ, the energy storage properties for annealed MWS BST were optimized, with increasing energy density (γ) from 0.77 to 1.15 J/cm 3 and energy efficiency (η) from 60% to 82%. The lower oxygen vacancy concentrations were believed to account for the enhanced insulating characteristics of grain boundaries and contribute to the improved properties after annealing. Electrical characterization of grain and grain boundary by impedance spectroscopy demonstrated that the annealing preferentially modified the grain boundary. In addition, resistances extracted from the high temperature impedance analysis were found to be inadequate for evaluating the electrical characteristics of materials affected by extrinsic mechanisms, such as the interfacial polarization. For comparison, annealing effect on energy storage properties were also discussed for conventionally sintered BST.