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Effects of Initial Powder Size on the Densification of Barium Titanate Ceramics Prepared by Microwave‐Assisted Sintering
Author(s) -
Yun HanSol,
Kim HyoHan,
Jeong DaeYong,
Cho NamHee
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/jace.13464
Subject(s) - materials science , sintering , ceramic , barium titanate , crystallinity , relative density , microwave , particle size , absorption (acoustics) , grain size , composite material , chemical engineering , physics , quantum mechanics , engineering
The effects of initial powder size on microwave‐assisted sintering (MWS) were investigated. BaTiO 3 powders with an average particle size of 50, 100, and 500 nm were prepared and sintered with MWS and conventional heating‐based sintering (CS). Samples of the 50 ‐ and 100‐nm‐sized BaTiO 3 powders were mechanically milled to study the effects of powder crystallinity on microwave absorption during the MWS process. The MWS of the 50‐nm‐sized BaTiO 3 powder resulted in a relative mass density of more than 90% when sintered at 1050°C, whereas the same density was achieved at 1200°C with CS. This difference between the optimal sintering temperatures, which is caused by the absorption of microwaves, was not observed when the 500‐nm‐sized BaTiO 3 powder was used. The sinterability of the BaTiO 3 ceramics prepared through the MWS of mechanically milled, 50‐nm‐sized powders decreased with increasing milling time. However, the sinterability was much higher than that of the BaTiO 3 ceramics prepared through the MWS of the 100‐ and 500‐nm‐sized unmilled powders. In conclusion, microwave absorption has significant effects on the sintering behavior of ~50‐nm‐sized powders, but is negligible for 500‐nm‐sized powders.