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A Study on Crystallization Kinetics of Thermoelectric Bi 2 Se 3 Crystals in Ge – Se – Bi Chalcogenide Glasses by Differential Scanning Calorimeter
Author(s) -
Liu Yinyao,
Yuan Shuanglong,
Xie Jun,
Shangguan Futiao,
Ren Jing,
Chen Guorong
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/jace.12421
Subject(s) - crystallization , annealing (glass) , materials science , kinetics , thermoelectric effect , crystallography , chemical engineering , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemistry , thermodynamics , physics , chromatography , composite material , engineering , quantum mechanics
Novel glass‐ceramics with embedded thermoelectric Bi 2 Se 3 crystals were prepared from glass matrices in the Ge 20 Se 100− x Bi x ( x = 5, 10, 12 mol%) system. Based on DSC results performed at different heating rates, characteristic activation energies ( E c ) and Avrami exponents ( n ) were obtained and analyzed by using Kissinger's relation, Ozawa's method, Augis–Bennett approximation and Matusita–Sakka theory. XRD results showed that pure Bi 2 Se 3 crystalline phase precipitated upon annealing at different temperatures for various time. The crystal size and crystalline fraction in the samples could be tuned by controlling the annealing time.