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Immunocontraception of White‐Tailed Deer with GnRH Vaccine
Author(s) -
MILLER LOWELL A.,
JOHNS BRAD E.,
KILLIAN GARY J.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
american journal of reproductive immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.071
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1600-0897
pISSN - 1046-7408
DOI - 10.1111/j.8755-8920.2000.440503.x
Subject(s) - odocoileus , biology , infertility , population , fertility , pregnancy , endocrinology , artificial insemination , estrous cycle , medicine , physiology , zoology , genetics , environmental health
PROBLEM: Reduction of excess numbers of white‐tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) is an example of a potential use for immunocontraception as a means of wildlife population management.
METHOD OF STUDY: A 4 year multifaceted study was conducted to determine the long term effects of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) contraceptive vaccine on the fertility and behavior of female and male white‐tailed deer. Deer were monitored for breeding behavior, hormone levels, pregnancy, fawning and GnRH specific antibody levels.
RESULTS: Treatment lead to reduced fawning rates, altered estrus behavior, reduced concentrations of progesterone, contraception and failure to maintain pregnancy following conception. GnRH immunized does bred to untreated bucks had an 88% reduction in fawning caused by either immunocontraception or immunocontragestion. The vaccine effect is reversible, directly related to the antibody titer. Infertility lasted up to two years without boosting. GnRH immunized bucks demonstrated no interest in sexual activity when paired with control females. Depending on the immunization schedule, antlers either dropped early or remained in velvet.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study demonstrate that GnRH vaccine is effective in inducing a reversible infertility in white‐tailed deer, the infertility lasting up to two years without boosting.