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Associations between perinatal factors and adiponectin and leptin in 9‐year‐old M exican– A merican children
Author(s) -
Volberg Vitaly,
Harley Kim G.,
Aguilar Raul S.,
Rosas Lisa G.,
Huen Karen,
Yousefi Paul,
Davé Veronica,
Phan Nguyet,
Lustig Robert H.,
Eskenazi Brenda,
Holland Nina
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
pediatric obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.226
H-Index - 69
eISSN - 2047-6310
pISSN - 2047-6302
DOI - 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2012.00127.x
Subject(s) - medicine , adiponectin , leptin , adipokine , endocrinology , obesity , insulin resistance
SummaryWhat is already known about this subject M exican– A merican children are at particularly high risk of obesity. Features of the perinatal environment, including maternal nutrition, anthropometry, glucose tolerance and growth rate during infancy are implicated in programming of obesity in the offspring.What this study adds Greater rate of weight or length gain in the first 6 months of life is associated with lower 9‐year child adiponectin levels, adjusting for 9‐year child BMI . Nine‐year‐old child adipokine levels are strongly related to those of their mothers’.Objectives To (i) determine whether perinatal factors (including maternal anthropometry and nutrition and early life growth measures) are associated with adiponectin and leptin levels in 9‐year‐old children, and (ii) assess relationships between adiponectin, leptin and concurrent lipid profile in these children. Methods We measured plasma adiponectin and leptin for 146 mothers–9‐year‐old child pairs from the ongoing longitudinal birth cohort followed by the C enter for the H ealth A ssessment of M others and C hildren of S alinas. Data on perinatal factors, including sociodemographics, maternal anthropometry and nutrition, and early life child growth were collected during pregnancy, birth and 6‐month visits. Results Greater rate of weight and length gain during the first 6 months of life were associated with lower adiponectin in 9‐year‐olds (β = −2.0, P = 0.04; β = −8.2, P = 0.02, respectively) adjusting for child body mass index ( BMI ). We found no associations between child adipokine levels and either maternal calorie, protein, total fat, saturated fat, fibre, sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption during pregnancy or children's concurrent sugar‐sweetened beverage and fast food intake. Lipid profile in 9‐year‐old children closely reflected adiponectin but not leptin levels after adjustment for child BMI . Additionally, we report that child adipokine levels were closely related to their mothers’ levels at the 9‐year visit. Conclusion Overall, our results support the hypothesis that early life factors may contribute to altered adipokine levels in children.