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Prevalence and socioeconomic differences of risk factors of cardiovascular disease in E cuadorian adolescents
Author(s) -
OchoaAvilés A.,
Andrade S.,
Huynh T.,
Verstraeten R.,
Lachat C.,
Rojas R.,
Donoso S.,
ManuelyKeenoy B.,
Kolsteren P.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
pediatric obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.226
H-Index - 69
eISSN - 2047-6310
pISSN - 2047-6302
DOI - 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2012.00061.x
Subject(s) - medicine , dyslipidemia , overweight , abdominal obesity , obesity , socioeconomic status , anthropometry , waist , blood pressure , demography , environmental health , population , cross sectional study , gerontology , pathology , sociology
Summary Purpose The aim of this paper is to report the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and socioeconomic differences in school‐going E cuadorian adolescents. Methods A cross‐sectional study was performed from J anuary 2008 until A pril 2009 in 770 adolescents aged 10 to 16 years old, who attend secondary schools in an urban (Cuenca), and rural area ( N abón) in E cuador. Data collected for the overall sample included anthropometric variables (weight, height and waist circumference), blood pressure and socio‐demographic characteristics. Fasting blood glucose and lipid profile determinations were collected in a subsample of 334 adolescents. Results The most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors were dyslipidemia (34.2%), abdominal obesity (19.7%) and overweight (18.0%). The prevalence of the remaining cardiovascular risk factors were high levels of blood pressure (6.2%) and obesity (2.1%). Boys were 3.3 times ( P < 0.001) more likely to have risk levels of blood pressure. Compared to their peers from lower socioeconomic groups, children from better off socioeconomic strata were 1.5 times ( P = 0.048) more likely to be overweight/obese and 1.5 times ( P = 0.046) more likely to have abdominal obesity. Overweight and obese children were 4.4 times more likely to have dyslipidemia ( P < 0.001). Children living in the rural area were 2.8 times ( P = 0.002) more likely to have dyslipidemia than those from the urban area. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the advanced levels of the nutrition transition in this E cuadorian adolescent population. Primary health care should monitor and take actions to address this public health problem in adolescents.