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COGNITIVE INFERENCE IN PERCEPTUAL ACTIVITY
Author(s) -
VER M. D.
Publication year - 1957
Publication title -
british journal of psychology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.536
H-Index - 92
eISSN - 2044-8295
pISSN - 0007-1269
DOI - 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1957.tb00597.x
Subject(s) - psychology , perception , inference , cognitive psychology , observer (physics) , cognition , everyday life , social psychology , epistemology , artificial intelligence , computer science , philosophy , physics , quantum mechanics , neuroscience
Whenever sensory data are scanty or ambiguous, or incongruities occur in perceptual situation, observers tend to employ processes of inferential thinking to arrive at satisfactory identifications., Such inferential thinking also appears when observer is called upon to make accurate judgements about events which ordinarily might not be closely observed. In making inferences, observers utilize schematically organized knowledge and tendencies to react which they have acquired, either through experiences which are common to everyone as they grow up, or as result of particular individual experiences and training. Thus some inferences and judgements are closely similar in different individuals, while others show marked individual differences. Evidence supporting this thesis is given in examples drawn from everyday life and from experimental investigations.