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CHILD‐REARING ATTITUDES OF MOTHERS OF UNDER‐, AVERAGE‐, AND OVER‐ACHIEVING CHILDREN
Author(s) -
BANNER C. N.
Publication year - 1979
Publication title -
british journal of educational psychology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.557
H-Index - 95
eISSN - 2044-8279
pISSN - 0007-0998
DOI - 10.1111/j.2044-8279.1979.tb02409.x
Subject(s) - psychology , developmental psychology , test (biology) , reading (process) , academic achievement , paleontology , political science , law , biology
S ummary . The relationships between child‐rearing attitudes of mothers and levels of academic achievement of their 11‐year‐old (grade six) elementary school children were examined. The sample included 191 mothers (103 mothers of sons and 88 mothers of daughters). Maternal attitudes were assessed by the Parental Attitude Research Instrument. The criterion of academic achievement for the children consisted of objective achievement test scores in reading plus mathematics. Level of academic achievement was denned in terms of the relationship between expected and actual achievement using the regression‐equation method. Those items of the Parental Attitude Research Instrument, which discriminated significantly between mothers of under‐, average‐, and over‐achievers, were subjected to factor analysis. The test data of the mothers of sons and mothers of daughters were processed separately. Four factors were identified for the mothers of sons and also four factors for the mothers of daughters. The results indicated that, compared with the mothers of average‐ and over‐achievers, the mothers of under‐achieving sons are more dominant, rigid, and restrictive in the sense of being possessive and intrusive, while the mothers of underachieving daughters are more dominant, rigid and restrictive in terms of being protective.