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Oral immunization with Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane protein and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides elicits T helper 1 and 2 cytokines for enhanced protective immunity
Author(s) -
Liu C.,
Hashizume T.,
KuritaOchiai T.,
Fujihashi K.,
Yamamoto M.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
molecular oral microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.18
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 2041-1014
pISSN - 2041-1006
DOI - 10.1111/j.2041-1014.2009.00560.x
Subject(s) - porphyromonas gingivalis , cpg oligodeoxynucleotide , immunology , immune system , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , periodontitis , medicine , dna methylation , biochemistry , gene expression , gene
Summary The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an oral vaccine containing the 40‐kDa outer membrane protein of Porphyromonas gingivalis (40K‐OMP) and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides (CpG ODN) to control oral infection by P. gingivalis. Oral immunization with 40K‐OMP plus CpG ODN induced significant 40K‐OMP‐specific serum immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, and saliva IgA antibody responses. The 40K‐OMP‐specific CD4 + T cells induced by oral 40K‐OMP plus CpG ODN produced both T helper type 1 (Th1; interferon‐γ) and Th2 (interleukin‐4) cytokines. Furthermore, increased frequencies of CD11c + B220 + dendritic cells (DCs) and CD11c + CD11b + DCs with upregulated expression of CD80, CD86, CD40, and major histocompatibility complex class II molecules were noted in spleen, Peyer’s patches, and cervical lymph nodes. Immunized mice were then infected orally with P. gingivalis to determine whether the immune responses induced by oral 40K‐OMP plus CpG ODN were capable of suppressing the bone resorption caused by P. gingivalis infection. Mice given 40K‐OMP plus CpG ODN showed significantly reduced bone loss associated with oral infection by P. gingivalis . Oral administration of 40K‐OMP together with CpG ODN induces Th1‐type and Th2‐type cells, which provide help for protective immunity against P. gingivalis infection. This may be an important tool for the prevention of chronic periodontitis.