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Post‐entry and volcanic contaminant abundances of zinc, copper, selenium, germanium and gallium in stratospheric micrometeorites
Author(s) -
Rietmeijer Frans J. M.
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
meteoritics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1945-5100
pISSN - 0026-1114
DOI - 10.1111/j.1945-5100.1995.tb01209.x
Subject(s) - stratosphere , volcano , aerosol , abundance (ecology) , meteoroid , interplanetary dust cloud , gallium , chemistry , atmospheric sciences , environmental science , environmental chemistry , geology , geochemistry , astrobiology , physics , solar system , organic chemistry , fishery , biology
— Some fraction of Zn, Cu, Se, Ga and Ge in chondritic interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) collected in the lower stratosphere between 1981 May and 1984 June has a volcanic origin. I present a method to evaluate the extent of this unavoidable type of stratospheric contamination for individual particles. The mass‐normalised abundances for Cu and Ge as a function of mass‐normalised stratospheric residence time show their time‐integrated stratospheric aerosol abundances. The Zn, Se and Ga abundances show a subdivision into two groups that span approximately two‐year periods following the eruptions of the Mount St. Helens (1980 May) and El Chichón (1982 April) volcanos. Elemental abundances in particles collected at the end of each two‐year period indicate low, but not necessarily ambient, volcanic stratospheric abundances. Using this time‐integrated baseline, I calculate the stratospheric contaminant fractions in nine IDPs and show that Zn, Se and Ga abundances in chondritic IDPs derive in part from stratospheric aerosol contaminants. Post‐entry elemental abundances ( i.e ., the amount that survived atmospheric entry heating of the IDP) show enrichments relative to the CI abundances but in a smaller number of particles than previously suggested.