Open AccessRenal Resistive Index in 55 Dogs with Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease
Author(s) -
Chetboul V.,
Daste T.,
Gouni V.,
Concordet D.,
TrehiouSechi E.,
Serres F.,
Pouchelon J.L.,
Germain C.A.,
LayssolLamour C.,
Lefebvre H.P.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of veterinary internal medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.356
H-Index - 103
eISSN - 1939-1676
pISSN - 0891-6640
DOI - 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.00840.x
Subject(s) - medicine , creatinine , azotemia , cardiology , mitral valve , renal artery , hemodynamics , diastole , blood pressure , kidney , renal function
Background Azotemia occurs frequently in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease ( DMVD ). It could indicate changes in renal hemodynamics. Hypothesis/Objectives To assess the renal resistive index ( RI ) in dogs with DMVD , and the statistical link between heart failure class, azotemia, echo‐Doppler parameters, several plasma variables, and RI . Animals Fifty‐five dogs with naturally occurring DVMD were used ( ISACHC class 1 [ n = 28], 2 [ n = 19], and 3 [ n = 8]). Methods Observational, blinded study, performed under standardized conditions. Physical examination, renal ultrasonography, and echo‐Doppler examinations were performed in awake dogs. The RI of the renal, interlobar, and arcuate arteries were measured. Plasma creatinine, urea, and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide concentrations ( NT ‐pro BNP ) were determined. Statistical links between variables and RI were tested by means of a general linear model. Results Although the RI of renal and arcuate arteries were unaffected by ISACHC class, the left interlobar RI increased ( P < .001) from 0.62 ± 0.05 (mean ± SD ) in class 1 to 0.76 ± 0.08 in class 3. It was also higher ( P < .001) in azotemic (0.74 ± 0.08) than in non‐azotemic (0.62 ± 0.05) dogs. Similar findings were observed for right interlobar RI . Univariate analysis showed a positive statistical link between NT ‐pro BNP ( P = .002), urea ( P < .001), creatinine ( P = .002), urea‐to‐creatinine ratio ( P < .001), left atrium‐to‐aorta ratio ( P < .001), regurgitation fraction ( P < .001), systolic pulmonary arterial pressure ( P < .001), shortening fraction ( P = .035), and RI . Conclusion and Clinical Importance In dogs with DMVD , interlobar RI increases with heart failure severity and azotemia but a cause and effect relationship remains to be established.