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Ganoderma lucidum protects liver mitochondrial oxidative stress and improves the activity of electron transport chain in carbon tetrachloride intoxicated rats
Author(s) -
Sudheesh Narayana Panicker,
Ajith Thekuttuparambil Ananthanarayanan,
Mathew John,
Nima Nalin,
Janardhanan Kainoor Krishnankutty
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
hepatology research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.123
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1872-034X
pISSN - 1386-6346
DOI - 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2011.00906.x
Subject(s) - carbon tetrachloride , oxidative stress , mitochondrion , alkaline phosphatase , chemistry , ganoderma lucidum , pharmacology , reactive oxygen species , inner mitochondrial membrane , liver injury , biochemistry , enzyme , electron transport chain , biology , food science , organic chemistry
Aim: Liver injuries induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) cause mitochondrial stress and disruption of membrane potential resulting in apoptosis. In this study, we evaluated the effects of Ganoderma lucidum against CCl 4 (1:5 v/v in paraffin oil, 1.5 mL/kg, i.p) induced deterioration of the activities of mitochondrial enzymes and electron transport chain complexes in the liver mitochondria. Methods: Ganoderma lucidum (100 and 250 mg/kg) was administered once daily for 15 days prior to the CCl 4 administration. α‐Tocopherol (100 mg/kg, p.o.) was used as the standard. Hepatic damage was assessed by determining the activities of serum transaminases (SGPT and SGOT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 24 h after CCl 4 injection. The activities of mitochondrial dehydrogenases as well as mitochondrial complexes I, II, III, and IV were evaluated. Results: Activities of SGPT, SGOT and ALP were significantly ( P < 0.01) elevated whereas, the activities of mitochondrial enzymes were significantly ( P < 0.01) decreased by the CCl 4 challenge. The mitochondrial reactive oxygen species level was enhanced and mitochondrial membrane potential was declined significantly. Administration of G. lucidum significantly and dose independently protected liver mitochondria. Conclusion: The findings suggest that protective effect of G. lucidum against hepatic damage could be mediated by ameliorating the oxidative stress; restoring the mitochondrial enzyme activities and membrane potential.