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Genetic structure and phylogeography of a relict tree fern, Sphaeropteris brunoniana (Cyatheaceae) from China and Laos inferred from cpDNA sequence variations: Implications for conservation
Author(s) -
WANG ZiJuan,
GUAN KaiYun
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of systematics and evolution
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.249
H-Index - 46
eISSN - 1759-6831
pISSN - 1674-4918
DOI - 10.1111/j.1759-6831.2010.00108.x
Subject(s) - allopatric speciation , phylogeography , biology , genetic diversity , clade , genetic structure , haplotype , evolutionary biology , gene flow , isolation by distance , analysis of molecular variance , nucleotide diversity , ecology , genetic variation , phylogenetic tree , population , genetics , genotype , gene , demography , sociology
In this study, we analyzed the genetic structure and phylogeography of Sphaeropteris brunoniana from China and Laos. Combining cpDNA trn L‐ trn F and atp B‐ rbc L sequence variations, five haplotypes were identified from the 10 investigated populations. Moderate haplotype diversity ( h = 0.66580) and low nucleotide diversity (π= 0.23 × 10 −3 ) were detected. The S. brunoniana in Yunnan region had much higher genetic diversity ( h = 0.60195, π= 0.35 × 10 −3 ) than that of Hainan–Laos ( h = 0., π= 0.00). A high level of genetic differentiation (94.74%) between the two regions was revealed by amova . Nested clade analysis identified two major clusters of the five haplotypes, one clade in the Yunnan region and the other in Hainan–Laos. The analysis indicated that restricted gene flow with isolation by distance and allopatric fragmentation were likely the major processes that shaped the spatial distribution of the haplotypes. The isolated distribution of clades implied the emergence of independent refugia of this species in each region during Quaternary glaciations. The Yunnan populations frequently contained an ancestral haplotype, and most of them harbored other descendent haplotypes. Based on the distribution pattern of haplotypes and the nested clade analysis results, the Yunnan region potentially had several refugia of this species during glacial periods, whereas the Hainan populations were probable new colonizations.