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The existence and diversity of myxobacteria in lake mud – a previously unexplored myxobacteria habitat
Author(s) -
Li Shuguang,
Zhou Xiuwen,
Li Pengfei,
Han Kui,
Li Wei,
Li Zhifeng,
Wu Zhihong,
Li Yuezhong
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
environmental microbiology reports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.229
H-Index - 69
ISSN - 1758-2229
DOI - 10.1111/j.1758-2229.2012.00373.x
Subject(s) - myxobacteria , limnetic zone , biology , ecology , pyrosequencing , phylogenetic tree , 16s ribosomal rna , genetics , bacteria , gene , littoral zone
Summary Myxobacteria are widely distributed in soil and oceanic sediment with a phylogeographic separation at high levels of classification. However, it is unclear whether freshwater environments, from which there has been no isolation report of myxobacteria since 1981, are habitats for myxobacteria. In this study, we investigated the presence of myxobacteria in lake mud using a two‐step strategy. First, we constructed two universal bacterial libraries from the V 3– V 4 ( V 34) and V 6– V 8 ( V 678) hypervariable regions of 16 S rRNA gene sequences. High‐throughput 454 pyrosequencing revealed that myxobacteria were one of the major bacterial groups in the lake mud. They accounted for 5.77% of the total sequences and 7.52% of the total operational taxonomic units ( OTUs ) at a phylogenetic distance of 0.03. The community composition and taxonomic structure of the mud myxobacterial community were further analysed using myxobacteria‐enriched libraries targeting the V 34 and V 678 regions, which were amplified with C ystobacterineae ‐ and S orangineae ‐specific primer pairs respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the limnetic myxobacteria exhibited closer relationships to their soil than their marine relatives, but there were also exclusive taxa of limnetic myxobacteria detected. These results, together with a survey on available G en B ank data, indicate that lake mud is a primary habitat for myxobacteria.