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Antiphospholipid syndrome: a systemic and multidisciplinary disease
Author(s) -
PAGALAVAN L.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
international journal of rheumatic diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.795
H-Index - 41
eISSN - 1756-185X
pISSN - 1756-1841
DOI - 10.1111/j.1756-185x.2008.00343.x
Subject(s) - medicine , antiphospholipid syndrome , otorhinolaryngology , presentation (obstetrics) , rheumatology , disease , respiratory medicine , nephrology , neurology , multidisciplinary approach , intensive care medicine , dermatology , surgery , thrombosis , social science , psychiatry , sociology
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) was first described by Hughes and colleagues in 1983. Since the first few initial descriptions of the syndrome, almost every organ in the body has been reported to be involved in APS. The ‘Sapporo’ criteria which has been used as the diagnostic criteria since 1999 was recently revised in Sydney before the 11th International Congress on antiphospholipid antibodies in 2006. Over the last 24 years it has evolved into a systemic and multidisciplinary disease. This article looks into the extensive multidisciplinary involvement and presentation of APS including neurology, nephrology, cardiology, respiratory medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, endocrinology, hematology, ophthalmology, dermatology, otorhinolaryngology, gastroenterology, and orthopaedics.