Premium
IRON THERAPY IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: CURRENT CONTROVERSIES
Author(s) -
Kovesdy Csaba P,
KalantarZadeh Kamyar
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of renal care
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.381
H-Index - 27
eISSN - 1755-6686
pISSN - 1755-6678
DOI - 10.1111/j.1755-6686.2009.00125.x
Subject(s) - medicine , kidney disease , intensive care medicine , dialysis , iron therapy , concomitant , iron deficiency , disease , psychological intervention , anemia , renal replacement therapy , clinical practice , erythropoiesis , intravenous iron , physical therapy , nursing
SUMMARY Anaemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complex disease that requires an integrated approach to incorporate both diagnostic and therapeutic interventions and to address the different facets of its aetiology and pathophysiology. The advent of erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA) has revolutionised the therapy of anaemia of CKD, and has resulted in a significant decline in the need for blood transfusions in CKD patients. The routine application of ESA has also led to the need for concomitant iron supplementation. ESA and iron therapy now form the cornerstone of anaemia management in CKD. Intravenous iron administration is effective with acceptable safety, and may improve ESA responsiveness. However, less is known about the long‐term safety of iron supplementation in CKD patients. Whereas maintenance (weekly to monthly) intravenous iron has been routinely used in maintenance dialysis patients, iron replacement in patients with non‐dialysis‐dependent CKD is less well studied, in spite of the much larger number of patients affected. This review discusses iron supplementation in CKD with an emphasis toward controversial issues that continue to pose dilemmas in clinical practice. Concerns related to both the optimal amount of iron supplementation and to the safety of various agents available in clinical practice are presented.