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Anti‐glaucomatous preparations and effect on human conjunctival goblet cells
Author(s) -
Hedengran Anne,
Begun Xenia,
Müllertz Olivia,
Mouhammad Zaynab,
Vohra Rupali,
Petrovski Goran,
Kolko Miriam
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2019.5196
Subject(s) - latanoprost , benzalkonium chloride , lactate dehydrogenase , goblet cell , chemistry , andrology , ophthalmology , medicine , biochemistry , glaucoma , enzyme , pathology , chromatography , epithelium
Purpose To investigate goblet cell (GC) survival after treatment with benzalkonium chloride (BAC)‐preserved anti‐glaucomatous eye drops. Conjunctival GCs produce mucin which stabilizes the tear film and protects against dry eyes. Eyedrop‐induced GC death may cause ocular surface disorders. Method Latanoprost Teva (LT; prostaglandin analogue), Optimol® (OP; beta‐blocker), Dorzolamid Stada (DS; carbonic anhydrase inhibitor) and Brimondine tartrat Teva (BT; alfa2‐agonist) BAC‐preserved eye drops were used for treatment of ex vivo cultivated human GCs. The cell survival was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase assay on human GCs after 30 min and 6 hr exposure to the different treatments and compared to the untreated control group. pH‐value and osmolality were also measured. Results After 30 min of treatment, the human GC survival was 69.05% for LT, 69.78% for OP, 71.12% for DS and 93.42% for BT. The survival was significantly reduced only for the treatment with LT compared to the controls (p = 0.044). After 6 hr of exposure, GC survival was 31.08% for LT, 33.81 % for OP, 51.64 % for DS and 74.49 % for BT. The survival was significantly reduced for LT, OP, and DS compared to controls (p = 0.002, p = 0.004, p = 0.022). DS had the lowest pH (5.58), while OP the highest (6.84). LT had the lowest osmolality (267.6 mOsm/kg), while BT had the highest (293.2). There was no apparent correlation between GC survival, pH and osmolality. However, there seemed to be a connection between GC survival and BAC concentration. LT caused the lowest survival with a BAC concentration of 0.02%, while OP had a concentration of 0.01%, DS of 0.0075% and BT of 0.005%. Conclusion Latanoprost Teva was the most cytotoxic, causing significant GC death after 30 min and 6 hr of treatment. OP and DS caused significant GC death only after 6 hr of exposure. BT did not affect the GC survival. The cytotoxicity appeared to correlate with the BAC concentration, but not pH and osmolality.