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Understanding organelle biogenesis during the autophagy process in the RPE
Author(s) -
Sinha Debasish
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2019.5041
Subject(s) - autophagy , microbiology and biotechnology , organelle , lysosome , phagosome , atg16l1 , biology , tfeb , biogenesis , retinal pigment epithelium , mtorc1 , programmed cell death , homeostasis , organelle biogenesis , pi3k/akt/mtor pathway , signal transduction , phagocytosis , retinal , biochemistry , apoptosis , gene , enzyme
The retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) is critically important to retinal homeostasis, in part due to it's very active processes of phagocytosis and autophagy. Both of these processes depend upon the normal functioning of lysosomes, organelles which must fuse with (auto)phagosomes to deliver the hydrolases that effect degradation of cargo. It has become clear that signaling through mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), is very important in the regulation of lysosomal function. Lysosomes are cellular organelles that modulate various processes such as autophagy and heterophagy, plasma membrane repair, cholesterol homeostasis, and cell death. The number, size, and content of lysosomes vary in different cell types. The distribution of lysosomes within the cell is determined by the nutrient sensing machinery at the lysosomal membrane, and is an important factor in lysosomal catabolic function. In this course, we will focus on the effector molecules present in RPE cells that impact the lysosomal‐autophagic pathway in retinal health and disease.