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Neuro‐retinal changes evaluation in multiple sclerosis patients: 10 years follow‐up
Author(s) -
Rodrigo M.J.,
GarciaMartin E.,
Orduna E.,
Vilades E.,
Satue M.,
Cipres M.,
Obis J.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.0t029
Subject(s) - medicine , multiple sclerosis , ophthalmology , visual field , retinal , expanded disability status scale , optic neuritis , visual acuity , optical coherence tomography , absolute deviation , retina , nerve fiber layer , neuroscience , biology , statistics , mathematics , psychiatry
Purpose To analyze functional and structural changes in the retina and optic nerve ( ON ) in patients with multiple sclerosis ( MS ) compared to healthy controls (C) and after 10 years of follow‐up. Methods Fifty eyes of patients with mild‐moderate MS were evaluated and compared to 50 eyes of C at a baseline visit and at 10 years of follow‐up. The following functional parameters were evaluated: best‐corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ), color vision examined with the Ishihara test, and mean deviation of visual field ( VF ) analyzed using the Humphrey perimetry. The structural parameters of the ON were also studied using the NSITE axonal application of the optical coherence tomograph ( OCT ) Heidelberg Spectralis. Results No differences were found in the functional parameters in MS patients compared to C, neither at 10 years of follow‐up (p > 0.05). However a statistically significant decrease was observed in the structural parameters between C and MS patients at 10 years of follow‐up: mean, nasal‐inferior ( NI ), temporal‐inferior ( TI ), temporal (T), temporal‐superior ( TS ), papillomacular bundle and nasal/temporal (N/T) ratio thickness (p < 0.001), but also in the axonal thickness, specifically in the mean, TI , T, TS , papillomacular bundle and N/T ratio thickness (p < 0.001) measured with OCT in patients with MS after 10 years of disease progression. A higher functional disability using the Expanded Disability Status Scale was also recorded. Conclusions Axonal damage can be analyzed and quantified in the retina and ON using the OCT in MS . Patients with MS showed significant decrease in the retina nerve fiber layer at 10 years of follow–up compared to C and a progressive axonal death (without outbreaks) that could be detected and quantified using the OCT , but not with the functional tests ( BCVA , color and VF ).