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Taurine exerts antioxidant and osmoprotecting activity: an in vitro and in vivo study
Author(s) -
Bucolo C.,
Fidilio A.,
Platania C.B.M.,
Geraci F.,
Drago F.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2016.0464
Subject(s) - taurine , atropine , oxidative stress , antioxidant , chemistry , in vivo , osmotic concentration , reactive oxygen species , pharmacology , medicine , endocrinology , biochemistry , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , amino acid
Purpose To evaluate the effects of ophthalmic solutions based on sodium hyaluronate (SH) with or without taurine (TAU) in experimental dry eye disease models. Methods Rabbit corneal epithelial cells (SIRCs) were exposed to oxidative stress (1 mM H 2 O 2 ) and treated with the following formulations: 0.2% SH, 0.4% SH, 0.4% SH + 0.5% TAU. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed by commercial kit (ab113851). Dry eye was induced in albino rabbits by topical application (4 times per day) of 1% atropine eye drops. Fifteen minutes after atropine instillation we treated the eyes with test formulations (0.2% SH, 0.4% SH, 0.4% SH + 0.5% TAU). The following endpoints were evaluated: tear breakup time (TBUT), Schirmer's test, ferning test, tear osmolarity. Results were compared to negative (CTR‐; normal eye) and positive control groups (CTR+; atropine‐treated eye). Results Taurine significantly (p < 0.01) quenched ROS production in SIRC after oxidative stress. The effect of taurine, in terms of ROS quenching, was significantly (p < 0.01) higher compared to SH‐treated cells. Topical administration of atropine in the rabbit eye significantly (p < 0.01) reduced tear volume and TBUT. Ferning test and tear osmolarity were also significantly (p < 0.01) modified by atropine treatment. All the altered parameters were significantly (p < 0.01) reversed by 0.4% SH + 0.5% TAU treatment. Furthermore, treatment with SH‐TAU formulation was more effective compared to SH formulations. Conclusions All together these data demonstrated that taurine has a potent antioxidant activity preventing the negative effect elicited by atropine on tear stability. Therefore, our findings support the hypothesis that the formulation containing taurine may be more useful than SH formulations in clinical practice to manage ocular surface diseases related to dry eye.