Spectral‐domain EDI ‐ OCT in small uveal melanoma and “pseudomelanomas”

Purpose To reveal diagnostic symptoms of small uveal melanoma and “pseudomelanomas” by spectral‐domain EDI ‐ OCT . Methods The results of complex research (ophthalmoscopy, ultrasonography, spectral‐domain EDI ‐ OCT ) of 230 patients (230 eyes) aged from 13 to 75 (mean 49 ± 1.1) years with diagnosis “small uveal melanoma” were analyzed. Results In 142 (61.7%) from 230 cases small uveal melanoma was diagnosed. The tomographycal symptoms were retinal thickness caused by neuroepithelium detachment, cystoid retinal edema; bow‐shaped choroidal profile; retinal thickness in contiguous zone caused by neuroepithelium detachment. In 88 cases (38.3%) “pseudomelanomas” were diagnosed. In age‐related macular degeneration (38) retinal pigment epithelium detachment, hyperreflective focus (subretinal membrane), equal choroidal profile; in subretinal hemorrhage (25) equal elevation of choroidal profile without retinal fluid; in peripheral retinal degeneration (12) retinal thinning, insignificant elevation of choroidal profile, hyperreflective foci on RPE level; in congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium (13) equal choroidal profile, retinal thinning, thickness of retinal pigment epithelium were diagnosed. Conclusions Thus, spectral‐domain EDI ‐ OCT allow to reveal small uveal melanoma and “pseudomelanomas” symptoms for adequate treatment.