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Diagnostic evaluation for myopic macular disease
Author(s) -
KABANAROU S,
XIROU T
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2014.4212.x
Subject(s) - medicine , epiretinal membrane , optical coherence tomography , macular hole , ophthalmology , fluorescein angiography , fundus (uterus) , indocyanine green , fundus fluorescein angiography , maculopathy , optometry , visual acuity , surgery , retinopathy , vitrectomy , diabetes mellitus , endocrinology
Myopic macular disease (MMD) characterises a spectrum of structural changes of the macula such as epiretinal membranes, posterior tractional detachment, foveoschisis, macular holes, myopic choroidal neovascularisation (mCNV) and chorioretinal atrophy. Review of current literature regarding diagnosis of MMD and an appraisal of older (fluorescein angiographgy and indocyanine green angiography) and modern imaging tools (optical coherence tomography) are being presented. Fundus fluorescein angiography is the gold standard for diagnosis of patients with mCNV and remains an important imaging technique for their follow up. However in the era of spectral domain OCT macular pathology, such as epiretinal membranes, macular holes, foveoschisis, or pathology of the vitreoretinal interface, is better documented and evaluated. The additional use of enhanced depth imaging OCT (EDI‐OCT) and recently developed swept‐source OCT (SS‐OCT) are also employed to evaluate macular pathology further. The diagnostic evaluation of MMD has evolved as the diagnostic tools have become increasingly more sophisticated allowing better visualization and documentation of macular pathology and any alterations occurring after medical and surgical intervention.