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Age macular degeneration‐Alzheimer disease: relevance and interest of ophthalmologic exam in detection and follow‐up of Alzheimer disease
Author(s) -
GONZALEZ C
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2012.s087.x
Subject(s) - medicine , macular degeneration , drusen , fundus (uterus) , ophthalmology , disease , visual acuity , stage (stratigraphy) , fluorescein angiography , paleontology , biology
Purpose To evaluate the impact of AMD on Alzheimer disease and their in‐between visionary correlation. Methods 285 patients, 95 men, 190 women, with AMD.3 Groups A,B,C: A, 90 patients with first stage AMD (drusen, drusenoid PED, pigment, small atrophic areas);B:80 patients with predominant atrophic areas;C,115 patients with Neovascular AMD. AMD evaluation included ETDRS visual acuity (VA), complete ophthalmic examination, autofluorescence imaging (FAF), optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescein (FA) angiography, and ICG when neovascular complication.AD was diagnosed and valuated by general practice doctors and /or neurologists. Results 20% patients in group A , 25% in group B, 30% in group C have mild cognitive impairment (MCI). 25% in group B, 35% in group C have early stage AD. 20% in group C have symptomatic AD. AMD ophthalmologic signs are predictive and precursor for AD. Fundus examination and even more (FAF , OCT) are useful and needed to enhance AD screening and follow‐up. Conclusion The AMD‐AD correlation allows us to improve detection, follow‐up, screening of both AMD and AD pathologies and furthermore progress in etiopathogenic knowledge and therapeutic prospects.