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Ocular prognosis of congenital toxoplasmosis (genotypes II and III)
Author(s) -
DELMAS J,
DARDE ML,
AJZENBERG D,
ADENIS JP,
ROBERT PY
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2012.4225.x
Subject(s) - genotype , genotyping , toxoplasmosis , toxoplasma gondii , congenital toxoplasmosis , medicine , pediatrics , serology , pregnancy , biology , virology , immunology , genetics , antibody , gene
Purpose There are in France 3 main strains of T. gondii (genotypes I, II and III). Ocular lesions of congenital toxoplasmosis have been reported in 80% of untreated, infected children. But no data were available in Europe on the genotype, on the prevalence of the different strains of T. gondii and on their virulence. Our purpose was to investigate the genotype of strains and the outcome of babies born with congenital toxoplasmosis in our university hospital. Methods From 1980, every newborn with congenital toxoplasmosis was prospectively referred to the Parasitology Department. Date of birth, sex, time of congenital contamination, pre‐ and post‐natal treatment were recorded. We designed a retrospective follow‐up of all these children. Fetal infection was detected using serologic analysis and parasitologic investigations, such as mice inoculation and PCR from samples of amniotic fluid or placenta. For 43 newborns, genotyping of T. gondii strains was performed, using multilocus analysis. Results The median follow‐up was 38.6 months. 28,2% of 78 infected children were treated in‐utero upon detection of the maternal infection. 66.1% of 71 alive new borns underwent a post‐natal treatment.Genotype of T. gondii was analysed for 55% of infected children. 41 strains were identified as genotype II and 2 strains as genotype III. Among the 10 children with at least 1 retinochoroidal lesion, 5 strains were analyzed: 4 were genotype II (2 peripheral lesions, 1 macular, 1 peripapillar) and 1 was genotype III (1 macular lesion). Conclusion Genotype II is confirmed to be the most common strain in France. Percentages of ophthalmological lesions accorded to the literature. No prognostic factor was identified for the occurrence or the seriousness of retinal lesions.