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The influence of peripheral refractive errors on myopia development
Author(s) -
OHLENDORF A
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2012.3273.x
Subject(s) - emmetropia , peripheral , refraction , refractive error , optometry , human eye , optics , ophthalmology , medicine , physics , eye disease
Purpose This talk will present research about the role of peripheral refraction on the development of central refractive errors in human eyes as well as in various animal models of myopia. Methods The interconnection of peripheral refractive profiles and central refractive error will be described. Studies investigating the role of the peripheral refractive error on central refractive development will be presented. Results Myopes typically show relative hyperopia in the periphery of the eye, while emmetropes and hyperopes show a relative peripheral emmetropia or myopia. Studies in humans as well as in various animal models of myopia indicate that the management of the peripheral refraction can change the development of central myopia. More recently, Smith et al. confirmed the influence of peripheral refraction on myopia development in monkeys, by influencing peripheral refraction with either form‐deprivation (2005) or minus lenses (2009). Conclusion Research in animal models of myopia and in humans found strong evidence that the peripheral refraction of the human eye can guide the development of central refractive errors. More studies are needed investigating the efficiency of “peripheral refraction management” with various kinds of correction methods (e.g. Contact lenses, Ortho‐K, spectacle lenses). Additionally, there is a need for long term studies on central refractive development based on peripheral refraction in the human eye.Commercial interest