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Symptoms and signs of posterior uveitis
Author(s) -
KHAIRALLAH M,
KAHLOUN R
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2012.1514.x
Subject(s) - medicine , ophthalmology , optic disc , optic nerve , retinal vasculitis , retinal , central retinal vein occlusion , macular edema , retina , uveitis , posterior pole , epiretinal membrane , retinal detachment , vitreous hemorrhage , posterior segment of eyeball , optic neuritis , vitrectomy , vasculitis , pathology , visual acuity , multiple sclerosis , disease , physics , psychiatry , optics
Purpose Posterior uveitis (PU) is an important anatomic form of uveitis in which the primary site of infl ammation is the choroid or retina, with or without subsequent vitreous involvement. Methods Review of symptoms and signs of PU. Results The onset of PU can be sudden or insidious, involving one or both eyes. Most common ocular symptoms include blurred vision, loss of vision, and floaters. PU is usually associated with vitritis. Both vitreous cells and fl are should be graded according to standardized grading systems. Other vitreous changes may include vitreous strands, vitreous hemorrhage, vitreous traction, and posterior vitreous detachment. Depending on the primary site of inflammation, PU can present in the form of retinitis, choroiditis, retinochoroiditis, or chorioretinitis. Retinal and/or choroidal inflammation can be focal, multifocal, or more diff use, involving the periphery or posterior pole. It is important to distinguish between active and inactive chorioretinal disease. Retinal vasculitis can occur in the setting of several PU entities involving retinal veins or arteries. It appears as focal, multifocal, or diff use vascular cuffing or sheathing. Other retinal vasculitic changes include retinal hemorrhages, features of retinal vascular occlusion, retinal/optic disc neovascularization, and aneurysms. Macular involvement may result from direct inflammatory infiltration, macular edema, serous retinal detachment, retinal ischemia, epiretinal membrane, or macular hole. Optic nerve involvement may include optic disc hyperemia, optic disc edema, optic neuritis, neuroretinitis, optic disc exudate, and optic disc granuloma. Conclusion Clinician should be aware of the array of ocular symptoms of signs and their importance in orienting work‐up.