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Development of a health believe model (HBM) scale for glaucoma
Author(s) -
GOULIA O,
ZLATANOS D,
GKIKA M,
TSEKOYRA A
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.348.x
Subject(s) - health belief model , scale (ratio) , likert scale , context (archaeology) , psychology , construct validity , perception , population , glaucoma , clinical psychology , medicine , social psychology , psychometrics , developmental psychology , health education , ophthalmology , environmental health , public health , nursing , paleontology , physics , quantum mechanics , neuroscience , biology
Purpose To create scales to measure Health Belief Model (HBM) concepts using the context of glaucoma screening. Methods HBM addresses the individual’s perceptions of the threat posed by a health problem (susceptibility, severity), the benefits of avoiding the threat, and factors influencing the decision to act (barriers, cues to action, and self‐efficacy). The scales, based on the HBM, were designed from a review of literature as there is no other study on eye diseases based on the model. The dependent variable chosen for scale development was glaucoma awareness in a population visiting a general eye clinic. Independent variables were constructs related to the HBM. A pilot study of the first preliminary version of the scale was conducted with 10 participants. Results showed that the questions were understandable for these individuals and results of this pilot study were not included in the larger study. The final scale constitutes of four subscales on perceived susceptibility, three on perceived severity, two on received benefits, four on perceived barriers, one on cues to action and one on self efficacy. All subscales used a summated Likert format with five response options (strongly disagree‐strongly agree). Results Chronbach Alpha analysis was used to compute reliabilities. Scales that were judged valid and reliable were susceptibility (0.73), severity (0,72), benefits (0,79), barriers (0,80), cues to action (0,77) and self efficacy (0,74). Factor analysis provided initial support for construct validity of the scales. Conclusion The HBM scale of glaucoma was determined to be valid and reliable for use in the Greek population.