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Comparative assessment of S. aureus microbial biofilm inhibition by an N‐alkyl‐polyethyleneimine covalently attached to PMMA or titanium in the Boston Keratoprosthesis
Author(s) -
BEHLAU I,
MUKHERJEE K,
TODANI A,
KLIBANOV AM,
GILMORE MS,
DOHLMAN CH
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.435a.x
Subject(s) - biofilm , in vivo , methyl methacrylate , covalent bond , in vitro , staphylococcus aureus , keratoprosthesis , chemistry , poly(methyl methacrylate) , cytotoxicity , microbiology and biotechnology , titanium , alkyl , materials science , nuclear chemistry , bacteria , organic chemistry , biology , biochemistry , polymer , cornea , polymerization , genetics , neuroscience
Purpose Biofilms are matrix‐associated microbial communities adherent to either biological surfaces or abiotic surfaces. They account for the majority of device‐associated infections. Our goal herein is to minimize bacterial adherence and biofilm formation by comparative analysis of new polycations bound to bio‐prosthetic ocular‐associated materials, poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) or titanium, using the Boston KPro as a model system. Methods Using S.aureus ocular‐associated clinical isolates, a quantitative assessment of microbial biofilm formation by linear N,N‐dodecyl,methyl‐polyethyleneimine (DMPEI) (217 kDa) covalently bound to PMMA or titanium compared to the parent PMMA or Ti, respectively, has been performed using confocal laser scanning and electron microscopies. In addition, DMPEI‐bound materials have been screened for corneal toxicity in both cell tissue culture and rodent models, and as compared to the original materials. Results A marked inhibitory effect in S. aureus biofilm formation on DMPEI‐derivatized materials compared to the parent PMMA (3‐4 fold) and Ti (2‐fold), without conferring additional epithelial cell cytotoxicity in vitro, has been observed. Furthermore, we have found no additional tissue reactivity, and possibly even a protective effect, with DMPEI‐derivatized materials in vivo. Conclusion We found that covalent derivatization with DMPEI of PMMA and Ti greatly reduces S. aureus biofilm formation in vitro compared to the parent materials. There was no additional cytotoxicity seen both in vitro and in vivo. Future studies will evaluate DMPEI‐derivatized materials for in vivo antimicrobial efficacy.