Regulation of transgene expression

Purpose Regulation of the transgene expression in the targeted cells is of course of major importance when using gene therapy. Actually, we have a huge range of possibilities to regulate gene expression. Methods There are two main classes of promoters: constitutive and inducible promoters. Amongst constitutive promoters, we have two sub‐forms: non‐tissue and tissue specific promoters. The lasts allows us to better target the tissue or cells in which we want to express our gene of interest. On the other hand, inducible promoters have been widely developed recently and allow us to obtain a regulated expression, depending on different factors. Very recently, disease specific inducible promoters emerged for a more precise regulation. Results We will together examine more precisely the different possibilities offered by gene regulation in Gene Therapy. Thereafter, we will more specifically describe usable promoters in ocular inflammation. Finally we will examine the effects of some inflammatory, disease specific, promoters. Conclusion Regulation of transgene expression is one of the fundaments of efficient gene transfer. Recent developments actually allow us to play within the targeted cell(s) to obtain an expression in specific conditions.