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Indocyanine green‐induced toxicity to retinal neurones in cultures is enhanced by light
Author(s) -
LASCARATOS G,
OSBORNE NN
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2008.653.x
Subject(s) - indocyanine green , retinal , viability assay , tunel assay , toxicity , apoptosis , retina , reactive oxygen species , chemistry , ophthalmology , biology , andrology , pathology , medicine , biochemistry , neuroscience
Purpose To deduce whether light influences the effect of indocyanine green (ICG) in primary rat retinal cultures. Methods 5‐day‐old primary rat retinal cultures were exposed to concentrations of ICG (0.01%, 0.05% and 0.1%) that are used clinically for 2 minutes. Some cultures were then additionally exposed to 3000lux of white light for 10 min. Twenty four hours later cell viability was assessed with the MTT assay. In addition, cultures were stained for the presence of GABA neurones, reactive oxygen species (ROS) using 2’,7’‐dihydroethidium (DHE) and DNA breakdown (TUNEL procedure) to indicate apoptosis. Results 0.1% ICG was found to significantly reduce cell viability and the number of GABA‐immunoreactive neurones in primary rat retinal cultures. Lower concentrations of ICG also had an effect on these parameters suggesting dose‐dependence. 0.1% ICG also significantly increased the appearance of ROS and numbers of TUNEL positive cells in cultures. The effects caused by ICG were potentiated by light. Conclusion Evidence is provided to suggest that the toxic effect of ICG to retinal neurones in culture is exacerbated by light. The relevance of these studies is self evident in relation to vitreoretinal surgery where use of a normally safe concentration of ICG may be rendered toxic because of the used light.