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Instant photographic refractometry in children
Author(s) -
Wanger Peter,
Waern Gunnela
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
acta ophthalmologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.534
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1755-3768
pISSN - 1755-375X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.1988.tb04005.x
Subject(s) - retinoscopy , optics , pupil , degree (music) , refractive error , optometry , refraction , refractometry , refractive index , mathematics , ophthalmology , medicine , physics , acoustics , visual acuity
. A simple photographic method for detection and measurement of refractive errors in children, using a specially designed camera and electronic flash unit and ‘instant’ (Polaroid) film, was tested on 64 children, aged 3 to 8 years, and compared with the results from retinoscopy. The refractive errors ranged from ‐6.5 to +6.5 D. A light reflex in the pupil was observed on the photos of all children with hyperopia > = 0.5 and myopia > = 2.0 D. A curvilinear relationship was observed (in the range ‐2 to ‐4 and +0.5 to +3 D) between the width of the light reflex in the pupil, easily measured on the photos and the degree of refractive error, determined by retinoscopy. The degree of ametropia could be estimated with reasonable accuracy (± 0.5 D) in the interval from ‐ 2 to ‐4 D and +0.5 to +3 D. The method can demonstrate the type and, to a limited extent, also the degree of refraction anomaly and may be of value in screening for refractive errors in children. photographic refractornetry