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Prevalence of HIV‐associated Periodontitis and Chronic Periodontitis in a Southeastern US Study Group
Author(s) -
McKaig Rosemary G.,
Thomas James C.,
Patton Lauren L.,
Strauss Ronald P.,
Slade Gary D.,
Beck James D.
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
journal of public health dentistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.64
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 1752-7325
pISSN - 0022-4006
DOI - 10.1111/j.1752-7325.1998.tb03012.x
Subject(s) - medicine , periodontitis , immunosuppression , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , gingival recession , antiretroviral therapy , young adult , clinical attachment loss , cross sectional study , dentistry , immunology , viral load , pathology
Objectives : This study estimates factors associated with the prevalence of HIV‐associated periodontal diseases (HIV‐P) and the severity and extent of periodontitis in HIV‐infected adults from North Carolina (NC). Methods : Data are derived from a cross‐sectional study of HIV‐infected adults (total n =326, dentate n =316) treated at the University of North Carolina Hospitals. Outcomes were a diagnosis of HIV‐P and measures of probing pocket depth (PPD), recession (REC), and clinical attachment level (CAL). Immunosuppression was measured by peripheral blood CD4+ cells/mm 3 . Results : In addition to persons with HIV (non‐AIDS), this study included 10 percent of the AIDS cases in North Carolina. Median age was 37 years (range=19–67); 78 percent were male and 60 percent were black. Sixty‐two percent of persons had a probing pocket depth ≥5 mm; 46% had recession ≥3 mm, and 66 percent had attachment level ≥5 mm in one or more sites. Cases of HIV‐P ( n =15) were rare. Persons taking HIV‐antiretroviral medication were one‐fifth (OR=0.20; 95% Cl=0.07, 0.63) as likely to have HIV‐P as those not taking those medications, controlling for CD4+ cell counts. Conclusion : HIV‐infected persons in this study group from North Carolina exhibited severe and extensive measures of adult periodontitis. A small proportion experienced a severe form of HIV‐P, which was attenuated by antiretroviral therapy.