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USE OF A VIEWER BOX IN SECCIII DISK MEASUREMENTS 1
Author(s) -
Smith David G.,
Hoover Creighton M.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
jawra journal of the american water resources association
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.957
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1752-1688
pISSN - 1093-474X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1752-1688.1999.tb04205.x
Subject(s) - illuminance , secchi disk , environmental science , optics , remote sensing , computer science , physics , geology , chemistry , organic chemistry , nutrient , eutrophication
We used a closed‐ended viewer box in the measurement of Secchi depth and compared the results with simultaneous naked‐eye measurements. We have shown that use of such a viewer box increases Secchi depth measurement by removing the interfering effects of water surface glare and glitter. A viewer box also increases between‐observer precision. Measurements made both with and without the viewer box are slightly greater on the shady side of the boat than on the sunny side; the latter is the preferred side if Secchi data are to be related to other optical properties. As expected, the difference between viewer box and naked eye measurements increases with increasing wave height but not with increasing illuminance. Because of the lack of uniformity in the way Secchi depth is estimated, and the inherent optical problems with current Secchi depth procedures, an appeal is made for production of a standardized protocol for Secchi observations, including the use of a closed‐ended viewer box on the sunny side of the boat.