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EFFECTS OF SUSPENDED SOLIDS ON THE ACUTE TOXICITY OF ZINC TO DAPHNIA MAGNA AND PIMEPHALES PROMELAS 1
Author(s) -
Hall W. Scott,
Dickson Kenneth L.,
Saleh Farida Y.,
Rodgers John H.,
Wilcox Douglas,
Entazami Azam
Publication year - 1986
Publication title -
jawra journal of the american water resources association
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.957
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1752-1688
pISSN - 1093-474X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1752-1688.1986.tb00763.x
Subject(s) - daphnia magna , zinc , suspended solids , chemistry , environmental chemistry , sorption , total suspended solids , total dissolved solids , pimephales promelas , alkalinity , water quality , toxicity , environmental engineering , wastewater , environmental science , ecology , adsorption , biology , organic chemistry , chemical oxygen demand , fishery , fish <actinopterygii> , minnow
Current procedures for setting site‐specific water quality criteria consider abiotic and biotic factors. Suspended solids were shown to be important in reducing zinc toxicity to water column organisms. At zinc concentrations of ∼ 1 mg/L in solutions with < 100 mg/L of all suspended solids tested, zinc toxicity to D. magna was reduced. Sorption of zinc to suspended solids and/or changes in water chemistry due to the addition of suspended solids appear to have been the factors causing reductions in zinc toxicity to D. magna . Only suspended solids levels of 483–734 mg/L of a type that increased total alkalinity, total hardness, and total dissolved carbon clearly reduced the toxicity of ∼ 20 mg/L zinc to P. promelas . The toxic form of zinc to these organisms appears to reside in the aqueous phase. Characteristics of suspended solids did not influence the partition coefficient of zinc in sorption experiments of 96 h. The slopes of dose‐response curves proved to be useful for assessing the potential of an organism to respond to changes in aqueous phase zinc concentrations, and may be a useful biological parameter when considering site‐specific water quality criteria for chemicals.