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ACHIEVING URBAN WATER CONSERVATION 1
Author(s) -
Flack J. Ernest
Publication year - 1980
Publication title -
jawra journal of the american water resources association
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.957
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1752-1688
pISSN - 1093-474X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1752-1688.1980.tb02345.x
Subject(s) - water conservation , energy conservation , environmental science , business , competition (biology) , metering mode , environmental economics , water use , natural resource economics , environmental planning , water resource management , water resources , economics , engineering , ecology , mechanical engineering , electrical engineering , biology
Increasing costs and competition for water have resulted in pressure to manage urban water demand through conservation programs. Metering, pricing, devices, restrictions, building code changes, and horticultural practices have all been effective in reducing average residential water use. Some conservation means are specifically aimed at reducing peak demands but these usually reduce average usage as well. Combined programs of conservation can be expected to reduce urban demand by as much as 25–30 percent over the long term. Restrictions can reduce water usage on the short term even further. The success of conservation programs is as dependent on the effectiveness of public education and information dissemination as on the conservation practices themselves.