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From Ego Depletion to Vitality: Theory and Findings Concerning the Facilitation of Energy Available to the Self
Author(s) -
Ryan Richard M.,
Deci Edward L.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
social and personality psychology compass
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.699
H-Index - 53
ISSN - 1751-9004
DOI - 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2008.00098.x
Subject(s) - vitality , deci , psychology , autonomy , self determination theory , competence (human resources) , social psychology , psychological intervention , energy (signal processing) , ego depletion , facilitation , mindfulness , psychotherapist , self control , philosophy , statistics , theology , mathematics , neuroscience , psychiatry , political science , law
Vitality, or the energy available to the self, is a salient and functionally significant indicator of health and motivation. Previous models (e.g., Baumeister & Vohs, 2007) have suggested how such energy can be depleted but have focused less on how it can be maintained or enhanced. In this article, we describe a model of energy and vitality based on self‐determination theory (Ryan & Deci, 2000). We review substantial evidence that, whereas the self‐controlling regulation of behavior depletes vitality and energy, the autonomous self‐regulation of behavior does not. A growing number of experimental and field studies also suggest that vitality and energy are enhanced by activities that satisfy basic psychological needs for relatedness, competence, and autonomy. Lifestyles focused on extrinsic goals are less conducive to need satisfaction and thus engender less vitality. We conclude that social psychological factors associated with need satisfaction have important implications for health and vitality and for informing interventions.