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Inhibitory effect of G inkgo biloba extract on fatty liver: Regulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a and fatty acid metabolism
Author(s) -
Wang Shi Dong,
Xie Zuo Quan,
Chen Jia,
Wang Ke,
Wei Ting,
Zhao Ai Hua,
Zhang Qing Hua
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of digestive diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.684
H-Index - 51
eISSN - 1751-2980
pISSN - 1751-2972
DOI - 10.1111/j.1751-2980.2012.00627.x
Subject(s) - triglyceride , carnitine , carnitine palmitoyltransferase i , quercetin , kaempferol , beta oxidation , fatty acid , biochemistry , fatty acid metabolism , chemistry , flavonoid , nonalcoholic fatty liver disease , endocrinology , medicine , fatty liver , antioxidant , cholesterol , disease
Objective To investigate the potential effect of G inkgo biloba extract ( GBE ) on the prevention and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ). Methods Male W istar rats were divided into 4 groups (the control group, GBE group, high‐fat diet [HFD] group and HFD + GBE group). The human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line ( HepG2 ) was treated with GBE and its flavonoid ingredients. The fatty acid composition of the rat liver was analyzed with gas chromatography/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (GC/TOFMS). Triglyceride contents of both the rat liver and HepG2 cells were measured by enzymatic colorimetric method. The expressions of fatty acid metabolism‐related genes were analyzed with real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). The protein expression and enzymatic activity were subsequently measured. Results In rat livers, GBE reduced the elevations of hepatic triglyceride contents caused by HFD and the increased hepatic fatty acids were differentially affected by GBE . Notably, the expression and total activity of the fatty acid β‐oxidation rate‐limiting enzyme, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a ( CPT 1 A ), were also promoted with GBE ingestion. In HepG2 cells, GBE and its ingredients, quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin, could decrease the cellular triglyceride content and upregulate the expression and total activity of CPT 1 A , respectively. Conclusions The triglyceride‐lowering effect of GBE on the HFD rat liver is closely associated with the increased expression and activity of CPT 1 A , and the flavonoid ingredients are the major contributors of GBE .