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Invasive fungal infection after liver transplantation: Risk factors and significance of immune cell function monitoring
Author(s) -
ZHOU Tao,
XUE Feng,
HAN Long Zhi,
XI Zhi Feng,
LI Qi Gen,
XU Ning,
ZHANG Jian Jun,
XIA Qiang
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of digestive diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.684
H-Index - 51
eISSN - 1751-2980
pISSN - 1751-2972
DOI - 10.1111/j.1751-2980.2011.00542.x
Subject(s) - medicine , immune system , liver transplantation , transplantation , immunology
OBJECTIVE: Monitoring immune status in transplant recipients is essential for predicting the risk of infections. The aims of the study were to identify the correlation of a low ImmuKnow adenosine triphosphate (ATP) value with the development of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) and whether this is an independent risk factor for IFIs in liver recipients. METHODS: We followed up 248 liver recipients who developed 157 infectious episodes. Peripheral CD4 + T cells were selected freshly for ATP detection. Percentages of T‐helper (Th, CD3 + CD4 + ) and T‐suppressor (Ts, CD3 + CD8 + ) lymphocyte subgroups were also examined. RESULTS: Overall 44 patients (17.7%) were diagnosed as IFIs, of whom 9 (20.5%) died. The average ImmuKnow ATP value in the IFI patients (109 ± 78 ng/mL) was significantly lower than that in common bacterial infections (174 ± 106 ng/mL, P < 0.01) or stable liver recipients (314 ± 132 ng/mL, P < 0.01), while there was no difference in the Th/Ts ratio among each group. Logistic regression analysis showed ImmuKnow ATP value less than 100 ng/mL was an independent risk factor of IFI (OR = 3.44, P = 0.0237). ImmuKnow ATP values had no correlation with lymphocytes or their subgroups, but tended to correlate with the number of neutrophils and total white blood cells. CONCLUSIONS: ImmuKnow assay monitoring has the potential to identify the patients at risk of developing IFI after liver transplantation (LT), which may provide a feasible measure for optimizing liver recipients' immune cellular function after transplantation.