Premium
Effect of Caffeine on UVB‐induced Carcinogenesis, Apoptosis, and the Elimination of UVB‐induced Patches of p53 Mutant Epidermal Cells in SKH‐1 Mice †
Author(s) -
Conney Allan H.,
Kramata Pavel,
Lou YouRong,
Lu YaoPing
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
photochemistry and photobiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.818
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1751-1097
pISSN - 0031-8655
DOI - 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00263.x
Subject(s) - caffeine , carcinogenesis , apoptosis , pharmacology , chemistry , sodium benzoate , cancer research , biochemistry , biology , endocrinology , gene
Oral administration of green tea or caffeine to SKH‐1 mice during UVB irradiation for several months inhibited the formation of skin cancer. Similar effects were observed when green tea or caffeine was given to tumor‐free UVB‐initiated mice with a high risk of developing skin tumors in the absence of further UVB irradiation (high risk mice). Mechanistic studies indicated that topical application of caffeine stimulated UVB‐induced apoptosis as well as apoptosis in UVB‐induced focal hyperplasia and tumors in tumor‐bearing mice. Oral or topical administration of caffeine enhanced the removal of patches of epidermal cells with a mutant form of p53 protein that appeared early during the course of UVB‐induced carcinogenesis, and oral administration of caffeine altered the profile of p53 mutations in the patches. In additional studies, topical application of caffeine was shown to have a sunscreen effect, and topical application of caffeine sodium benzoate was more active than caffeine as a sunscreen and for stimulating UVB‐induced apoptosis. Caffeine sodium benzoate was also highly active in inhibiting carcinogenesis in UVB‐pretreated high risk mice. Our studies indicate that caffeine and caffeine sodium benzoate may be useful as novel inhibitors of sunlight‐induced skin cancer.