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Variability of UV Irradiance in Europe
Author(s) -
Seckmeyer Gunther,
Pissulla Darius,
Glandorf Merle,
Henriques Diamantino,
Johnsen Bjorn,
Webb Ann,
Siani AnnaMaria,
Bais Alkis,
Kjeldstad Berit,
Brogniez Colette,
Lenoble Jacqueline,
Gardiner Brian,
Kirsch Peter,
Koskela Tapani,
Kaurola Jussi,
Uhlmann Beate,
Slaper Harry,
Den Outer Peter,
Janouch Michal,
Werle Peter,
Gröbner Julian,
Mayer Bernhard,
De La Casiniere Alain,
Simic Stana,
Carvalho Fernanda
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
photochemistry and photobiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.818
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1751-1097
pISSN - 0031-8655
DOI - 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00216.x
Subject(s) - irradiance , atmospheric sciences , environmental science , latitude , diurnal temperature variation , solar irradiance , radiation , climatology , radiative transfer , mediterranean climate , ozone , meteorology , geography , physics , geodesy , quantum mechanics , geology , archaeology
The diurnal and annual variability of solar UV radiation in Europe is described for different latitudes, seasons and different biologic weighting functions. For the description of this variability under cloudless skies the widely used one‐dimensional version of the radiative transfer model UVSPEC is used. We reconfirm that the major factor influencing the diurnal and annual variability of UV irradiance is solar elevation. While ozone is a strong absorber of UV radiation its effect is relatively constant when compared with the temporal variability of clouds. We show the significant role that clouds play in modifying the UV climate by analyzing erythemal irradiance measurements from 28 stations in Europe in summer. On average, the daily erythemal dose under cloudless skies varies between 2.2 kJ m −2 at 70°N and 5.2 kJ m −2 at 35°N, whereas these values are reduced to 1.5–4.5 kJ m −2 if clouds are included. Thus clouds significantly reduce the monthly UV irradiation, with the smallest reductions, on average, at lower latitudes, which corresponds to the fact that it is often cloudless in the Mediterranean area in summer.