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Photodynamic Treatment with Fractionated Light Decreases Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Cytotoxicity In Vitro via Regeneration of Glutathione ¶
Author(s) -
Oberdanner Cristian Benno,
Plaetzer Kristjan,
Kiesslich Tobias,
Krammer Barbara
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
photochemistry and photobiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.818
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1751-1097
pISSN - 0031-8655
DOI - 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2005.tb00233.x
Subject(s) - photodynamic therapy , glutathione , reactive oxygen species , chemistry , cytotoxicity , glutathione reductase , deoxygenation , in vitro , biophysics , biochemistry , biology , enzyme , organic chemistry , catalysis , glutathione peroxidase
Photodynamic therapy removes unwated or harmful cells by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Fractionated light delivery in photodynamic therapy may enhance the photodynamic effect in tumor areas with insufficient blood supply by enabling the reoxygenation of the treated area. This study addresses the outcome of fractionated irradiation in an in vitro photodynamic treatment (PDT) system, where deoxygenation can be neglected. Our results show that fractionated irradiation with light/dark intervals of 45/60 s decrease ROS production and cytotoxicity of PDT. This effect can be reversed by addition of 1,3‐bis‐(2‐chlorethyl)‐1‐nitrosurea (BCNU), an inhibitor of the glutathione allow the glutathione reductase to regenerate reduced glutathione (GSH), thereby rendering cells less susceptible to ROS produced by PDT compared with continnous irradiation. Our results could be of particular clinical importance for photodynamic therapy applied to well‐oxygenated tumors.