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Photoinactivation of Hepatitis A Virus by Synthetic Porphyrins ¶
Author(s) -
Casteel Michael J.,
Jayaraj K.,
Gold Avram,
Ball Louise M.,
Sobsey Mark D.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
photochemistry and photobiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.818
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1751-1097
pISSN - 0031-8655
DOI - 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2004.tb00086.x
Subject(s) - porphyrin , chemistry , in vitro , virus inactivation , bacteriophage ms2 , virus , aqueous solution , photosensitizer , viral envelope , hepatitis b virus , cationic polymerization , bacteriophage , virology , biochemistry , escherichia coli , photochemistry , biology , organic chemistry , gene
Porphyrins are photosensitizers and may be applicable in situations where viral inactivation is required, as for in vitro inactivation of nonenveloped viruses in blood components or in other aqueous media. No study has examined the efficacy of porphyrin inactivation on human pathogens such as hepatitis A virus (HAV) in plasma or other liquids. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of synthetic porphyrins on HAV in porphyrin‐containing human plasma and phosphatebuffered saline exposed to long‐wavelength (365 nm) UV light. Inactivation of bacteriophage MS2 (MS2) also was determined in some trials. Solutions containing cationic, anionic or amphiphilic porphyrins irradiated with an average light dose of 4.3 J/cm 2 for 90 min resulted in >3 log 10 (>99.9%) to >4 log 10 (>99.99%) inactivation of both HAV and MS2. Viral inactivation may have been greater than observed because the limits of detection of the assay had been reached. Under ambient lighting conditions, none of the porphyrins was mutagenic in the Ames assay and only the congener with the longest chain‐length, tetrakis ( N ‐[ n ‐hexadecyl]‐4‐pyridiniumyl) porphyrin, was appreciably toxic to mammalian cells. Disinfection by photoactivated synthetic porphyrins therefore can offer an effective and relatively safe approach to removal of nonenveloped viruses from aqueous media.