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Porphyrins and Related Compounds as Photoactivatable Insecticides I. Phototoxic Activity of Hematoporphyrin Toward Ceratitis capitata and Bactrocera oleae
Author(s) -
Amor T. Ben,
Tronchin M.,
Bortolotto L.,
Verdiglione R.,
Jori G.
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
photochemistry and photobiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.818
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1751-1097
pISSN - 0031-8655
DOI - 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1998.tb05188.x
Subject(s) - ceratitis capitata , hematoporphyrin , biology , capitata , tephritidae , phototoxicity , botany , flesh fly , toxicology , horticulture , chemistry , pest analysis , larva , biochemistry , photodynamic therapy , organic chemistry , in vitro , brassica oleracea
The photodynamic sensitizer hematoporphyrin (HP) IX was efficiently accumulated by Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly) and Bactrocera oleae (olive fly) when the insects were fed with a sugar/protein bait containing micromolar amounts of porphyrin. Hematoporphyrin appeared to be mainly accumulated in the midgut, Malpighian tubes, adipose tissue and cuticle and was gradually cleared from the organism in a 24–48 h time interval. Exposure of the HP‐fed flies to light mimicking the solar spectrum caused a decrease in the survival whose extent was modulated by the HP concentration in the bait, the irradiation fluence rate and the total light dose. For 8 μmol/mL HP in the bait 100% mortality during 1 h exposure to light was obtained using a fluence rate of 1220 μE s −1 m −2 for C. capitata and 2080 μE s −1 m −2 for B. oleae . The latter fly was somewhat less photosensitive than C. capitata possibly owing to the smaller amount of ingested HP and/or darker pigmentation. Studies are in progress in order to extend these investigations from the laboratory to the field scale.