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THE PHOTOACTIVE ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF EUDISTOMINS FROM THE CARIBBEAN TUNICATE Eudistoma olivaceum
Author(s) -
Hudson J. B.,
Saboune H.,
Abramowski Z.,
Towers G. H. N.,
Rinehart K. L.
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
photochemistry and photobiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.818
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1751-1097
pISSN - 0031-8655
DOI - 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1988.tb02740.x
Subject(s) - phototoxicity , tunicate , potency , harmine , antimicrobial , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , biochemistry , in vitro , pharmacology , ecology
— Five eudistomins, β‐carboline derivatives isolated from a Caribbean tunicate, were tested for phototoxicity against several viruses, bacteria, yeast, and mammalian cells. The five compounds showed varying degrees of UVA dependant phototoxicity (i.e. long wavelength UV dependant) against murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV), Sindbis virus (SV) and mouse 3T3 cells, although the relative order of potency was the same for these three organisms. Eudistomin N was the most active (approximately the same as the β‐carboline, harmine), while eudistomins M and O were moderately phototoxic, and H and I had little activity. To some degree the relative phototoxicity was correlated with fewer side chain substituents. A similar relative order of phototoxic potency was seen against phage T4, but in this case the magnitude of the effect was considerably reduced, in contrast to harmine. The antibacterial and antifungal activities were not correlated with antiviral effects, and some UVA‐independent activities were seen. Thus the eudistomins may possess different mechanisms of action against different organisms, depending upon the presence or absence of UVA.