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ELECTRONIC ENERGY STATES OF CERTAIN SENSITIZERS AND DIELECTRICS *
Author(s) -
Komp Richard J.,
Fitzsimmons Thomas J.
Publication year - 1968
Publication title -
photochemistry and photobiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.818
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1751-1097
pISSN - 0031-8655
DOI - 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1968.tb05886.x
Subject(s) - photoionization , photoelectric effect , selenium , ionization energy , band gap , electron affinity (data page) , chemistry , ionization , photoconductivity , sulfur , impurity , atomic physics , electron , dielectric , semiconductor , analytical chemistry (journal) , materials science , optoelectronics , ion , molecule , physics , organic chemistry , chromatography , quantum mechanics
— The electron affinities and ionization potentials of amorphous sulfur, vitreous selenium and several phthalocyanines were measured by Nelson's electron beam retardation method and photoelectric emission, respectively. The electron affinities ( A c ) measured were: 4.5 eV for sulfur, 3.4eV for selenium, and approximately 4.3 eV for all the phthalocyanines measured. Photoemission thresholds ( I c ) were 7.0 eV for sulfur and 6.0 eV for selenium. Two photoionization thresholds (at about 5.2 and 6.1 eV) were found for both α‐copper and α‐metal‐free phthalocyanine; the former is attributed to impurity levels, the latter to bulk states. In each case, the band gap calculated from I c and A c was found to be approximately equal to the optical threshold for photoconductivity.