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Some toxicity thresholds for the clinical effects of common tiger snake ( Notechis scutatus ) envenomation in the dog
Author(s) -
LEWIS PF
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
australian veterinary journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.382
H-Index - 59
eISSN - 1751-0813
pISSN - 0005-0423
DOI - 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1994.tb03365.x
Subject(s) - venom , haemolysis , toxicity , antivenom , medicine , envenomation , creatine kinase , snake bites , median lethal dose , pharmacology , toxicology , anesthesia , biology , immunology , ecology
SUMMARY Common tiger snake ( Notechis scutatus ) venom was administered experimentally to dogs at doses from 0.25 lethal dose (LD) to 20 LD. Haemolysis and increased creatine kinase values occurred rapidly after injection of sublethal (subparalytic) doses, but the clotting time of blood was extended and blood became incoagulable only when dogs were dosed with 10 LD or more of venom. Haemolysis, although of a low threshold of toxicity, was not severe and should not greatly affect the lethality of the venom. Coagulopathy is a sign that the dog has been lethally envenomed and will need to be given antivenom if skeletal muscle paralysis is to be overcome.