Open AccessPerformance of rapid influenza H1N1 diagnostic tests: a meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Chu Haitao,
Lofgren Eric T.,
Halloran M. Elizabeth,
Kuan Pei F.,
Hudgens Michael,
Cole Stephen R.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
influenza and other respiratory viruses
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.743
H-Index - 57
eISSN - 1750-2659
pISSN - 1750-2640
DOI - 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00284.x
Subject(s) - medicine , meta analysis , predictive value , pandemic , covid-19 , diagnostic test , gastroenterology , pediatrics , disease , infectious disease (medical specialty)
Please cite this paper as: Chu et al. (2011) Performance of rapid influenza H1N1 diagnostic tests: a meta‐analysis. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/j.1750‐2659.2011.00284.x. Background Following the outbreaks of 2009 pandemic H1N1 infection, rapid influenza diagnostic tests have been used to detect H1N1 infection. However, no meta‐analysis has been undertaken to assess the diagnostic accuracy when this manuscript was drafted. Methods The literature was systematically searched to identify studies that reported the performance of rapid tests. Random effects meta‐analyses were conducted to summarize the overall performance. Results Seventeen studies were selected with 1879 cases and 3477 non‐cases. The overall sensitivity and specificity estimates of the rapid tests were 0·51 (95%CI: 0·41, 0·60) and 0·98 (95%CI: 0·94, 0·99). Studies reported heterogeneous sensitivity estimates, ranging from 0·11 to 0·88. If the prevalence was 30%, the overall positive and negative predictive values were 0·94 (95%CI: 0·85, 0·98) and 0·82 (95%CI: 0·79, 0·85). The overall specificities from different manufacturers were comparable, while there were some differences for the overall sensitivity estimates. BinaxNOW had a lower overall sensitivity of 0·39 (95%CI: 0·24, 0·57) compared with all the others ( P ‐value <0·001), whereas QuickVue had a higher overall sensitivity of 0·57 (95%CI: 0·50, 0·63) compared with all the others ( P ‐value = 0·005). Conclusions Rapid tests have high specificity but low sensitivity and thus limited usefulness.