Open AccessPUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF ENZYME HYDROLYSIS FISH PROTEIN CONCENTRATION AND WASTE WATER BASED AQUACULTURE
Author(s) -
Simon Robert D.,
DiSalvo Louis H.,
Guard Harold E.
Publication year - 1979
Publication title -
proceedings of the world mariculture society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.655
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1749-7345
pISSN - 0748-3260
DOI - 10.1111/j.1749-7345.1979.tb00081.x
Subject(s) - environmental science , raw material , aquaculture , cadmium , wastewater , fish <actinopterygii> , food waste , pulp and paper industry , waste management , chemistry , fishery , environmental engineering , biology , engineering , organic chemistry
The production of fish protein concentrate and the aquaculture of fish in waste waters are two ancient technologies. Modern use of these technologies demands examination of their public health implications as they are adapted to modern needs of food production and waste processing. Though the ponding of wastes to meet safe discharge requirements has been observed to be efficient and economic, both chemical and microbiological factors potentially interfere with using waste waters to produce protein supplements for human consumption. Application of one or more food engineering processes could relieve the inherent problems of coordinating waste water management and protein production. The fish protein concentration process evaluated in this study is based on a recently developed food engineering process. This process was investigated because of its low cost and the functional properties of the final product. The literature investigation indicates microbiological agents and microbial toxins of public health concern will be destroyed during the fish protein concentration process investigated and prevented from forming in the final product. Laboratory investigations undertaken in this research document that the heavy metals cadmium, chromium, copper, lead and zinc concentrated in the final product on the average 15% or less than the maximum concentration that could have occurred (maximum concentration is the initial burden of a metal multiplied by the factor by which the raw tissue is concentrated). Information available suggests that the method of fish protein concentration investigated in this study concentrates the heavy metals less than similar processes reported previously. It is concluded that if the final fish protein concentrate is used as a supplemental protein, fish from waste waters can be used as the raw product in the process. Ideally, waste waters low in or devoid of industrial pollutatants should be chosen for fish culture.