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Uptake of Materials from the Nasal Cavity into the Blood and Brain
Author(s) -
Genter Mary Beth,
Kendig Eric L.,
Knutson Mitchell D.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.03877.x
Subject(s) - nasal cavity , paracellular transport , mucous membrane of nose , olfactory mucosa , central nervous system , transporter , axoplasmic transport , receptor , blood–brain barrier , biology , pathology , olfactory system , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , neuroscience , medicine , anatomy , biochemistry , gene , membrane , permeability (electromagnetism)
Substances that enter the nasal cavity can access the bloodstream or central nervous system by processes including receptor cell uptake, transneuronal transport, and paracellular transport. Until recently, the molecular mechanisms by which agents move from the nasal cavity have not been described. Although the full complement of transporter proteins found in the nasal cavity has certainly not yet been identified, several recent observations have advanced this field substantially. We summarize here a representative sample of transporter proteins found in olfactory mucosa and/or nasal respiratory mucosa and the substrates that they transport into the brain and/or bloodstream.